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Bologna
The Bologna Process – Towards the European Higher Education Area
In May 1998 at the Sorbonne in Paris, the education ministers of France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Germany signed the Sorbonne Declaration for the creation of a cooperative framework for the European educational systems. Other European countries subsequently signed the Declaration.



The Sorbonne Declaration aims to achieve the following:
  • Progressive convergence of the general requirements for degree programmes and graduation within an open European higher education area;
  • Creation of a common degree system (bachelor, master, doctorate);
  • Mobility promotion and facilitation for students and lecturers.
(Students should spend at least one semester abroad); reduction of obstacles to mobility and improved recognition of academic degrees and achievements.

In June 1999, 29 European ministers of education signed the Bologna Declaration to establish a European higher education area by 2010 and to strengthen Europe’s competitive ability worldwide as an education location. In the Bologna Declaration, the ministers affirmed their intention to implement the following points:
  • Creation of an easily understandable and analogous degree system
  • Creation of a two-level degree system (undergraduate/graduate)
  • Creation of a credit system (according to the ECTS model)
  • Mobility promotion through reduction of obstacles to mobility
  • European cooperation promotion through quality assurance
  • Promotion of the European dimension in higher education.
Convinced that the creation of a European higher education area requires continuous support, supervision and adaptation to constantly changing needs, the ministers decided to meet every two years to assess progress and set goals for the future.

The following Bologna Conferences have taken place to date:
1999 Bologna / I
2001 Prague / CZ
2003 Berlin / D
2005 Bergen / N
2007 London
2009 Leuven / B
2010 Budapest / Vienna